In order to promote the healthy and standardized development of Factoring business of China's commercial banks, the China Banking Regulatory Commission recently issued and implemented the Interim Measures for the Management of Factoring Business of Commercial Banks.。The Measures aim to clarify the relevant definition and classification of factoring business，Urge banks to follow their own characteristics，Improve the management system of factoring business，Establish a business organization structure commensurate with the size and complexity of the business，Refine business processes and risk point control，Improve the ability to detect insurance fraud and false trade background，Strengthen the monitoring of funds after financing，Strengthen internal control，Isolation of risks。At the same time, banks are urged to strengthen IT system support to improve business efficiency and reduce operational risks。
Factoring business refers to a comprehensive financial service which is based on the transfer of accounts receivable by creditors and integrates accounts receivable collection, management, bad debt guarantee and financing. It is usually used for enterprise trade activities。
The Measures first define the accounts receivable of factoring business, that is, the monetary claims formed by enterprises for providing goods, services or leasing assets and the income generated。The assignment of accounts receivable in factoring business refers to the assignment of all rights and interests related to accounts receivable。At the same time, the "Measures" also strictly stipulates the standards of qualified accounts receivable in factoring financing, and defines several unqualified accounts receivable such as future accounts receivable, accounts receivable with unclear ownership, and claims for payment of marketable securities, making it clear that factoring financing business shall not be carried out based on the above accounts receivable。
Considering that factoring business has strong characteristics of industry practice, the Measures particularly emphasize the professional functions of the Factoring Committee of the China Banking Association, requiring it to give full play to its functions of self-discipline, coordination and standardization, and establish and continuously improve the industry self-discipline mechanism of bank factoring business。
In order to control the risks of factoring financing business, the "Measures" specifically regulate the business process of factoring financing, and put forward specific requirements for financing products, customer access, cooperative institution access, business review, special account management, financing proportion and term, and information disclosure。Among them, the author puts forward the requirement of prudent management for single insurance financing, that is, the whole process of credit management for seller or buyer compared with working capital loan。At the same time, banks are required to strictly examine the authenticity of basic transactions, reasonably assess the risks of borrowers or borrowers' counterparties, and do real risk evaluation。
It is understood that in recent years, buyers' credit sales payment has gradually become the dominant settlement method。In order to adapt to this change in the market pattern, the factoring business of China's commercial banks has developed rapidly, and has played a positive role in supporting the development of the real economy and small and micro enterprises。Compared with general loan financing, the entry threshold of factoring business is lower, which helps to solve the financing problems of small and micro enterprises。When the buyer of small and micro enterprises' products is the core large enterprise, small and micro enterprises can rely on the strong upstream and downstream relationship of core enterprises to effectively achieve credit enhancement。Through factoring financing, banks help small and micro enterprises turn accounts receivable into cash income, and broaden the financing channels of small and micro enterprises。 Reporter Wang Lu
